…yellowing of conifer needles) and applying fertilisers based on laboratory tests of the foliage and/or soil. Competing Vegetation: controlling vegetation that continues to compete with the trees, particularly with broadleaves. Damages: Protecting the crops against the many agents that can cause damage such as: Frost: Replacing dead trees with more frost resistant species where serious mortalities occur. Fire: Planning against fires which are a pro…
…of R&D projects relating to forestry. Supplementing this funding is benefit-in-kind provided by some of the research providers in the form of staff time, materials, equipment etc. The COFORD Council as a representative body from the forestry sector in Ireland advises on the formulation of the national programme of COFORD, as well as addressing developmental issues in the forest sector including wood supply and demand forecasting at an all-Ireland…
…the soil conditions. Today, however, mounding using excavators is the most common practice on most sites. Small mounds are excavated and placed at 2 metre intervals. The drains that are formed by removing the mounds are spaced at 12 metre intervals. Planting takes place on the top of the mounds. Mounding is a widely used cultivation method in Irish forestry (photo S. Meyen) Mounding has been shown to produce more symmetrical and therefore more sta…
…nt of biodiversity in our forests has become an important objective in the practice of Sustainable Forest Management (SFM). Today some 15% of all forests are required to have biodiversity as a main management objective and measures to create greater diversity in our forests are being implemented. Measures such as the increased planting of native broadleaved tree species, restructuring forests to provide more open space, deadwood habitat, native wo…
…te people’s enjoyment. Additional facilities such as caravan parks and self-catering accommodation are sometimes provided to allow longer visits. Timber production is still pursued, but is secondary to the promotion of the use of the forest for recreation by the visiting public. Amenity forests are scattered throughout the country. Most are managed by Coillte as forest parks. Examples include the designated forest parks at Avondale in Co. Wicklow,…
…hem. Nowadays, pure treen, defined as that made before mass production (pre-1830), is collectable and becoming increasingly hard to find. Toys Wooden family figures (photo D. Schwen) Europe was the starting point of the toy manufacturing industry. The abundant supply of wood and the quantity of fast-flowing streams to power lathes, meant that it was simple to set up in work. With the long dark winter evenings limiting outdoor work, whole families…
…are taken. The Forests and Water Quality Guidelines and Forest Harvesting Guidelines describe best practice that must be adopted when carrying out these operations. The risks from fertilization are the accidental application of fertilizer to the water body and also through the soluble element being carried into the drains and streams before it can be taken up by the site vegetation. Mitigation measures include ensuring that: there is an adequate…
…an be associated with data sets relating to the particular area, e.g. crop composition, site details, operations completed or to be undertaken, ownership and financial information. Maps can also be overlaid with other existing information, such as roads, fisheries, catchments, areas of scientific and conservation interest, archaeological sites, etc., to identify opportunities and constraints. The Indicative Forest Statement (IFS) developed by the…